The cytosolic free calcium concentration of higher plant cells is maintained at about 0.1 μM by the action of membrane calcium transporters. These act to remove calcium from the cytosol and expel it ...

Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 15, No. 45 (October 1964), pp. 422-427 (6 pages) The electrical potential difference between the exuding sap of detopped castor oil plants and the external 1 mM ...

ACTIVE salt absorption is a fundamental characteristic of the living cell. In tissues and whole organisms the active transport of salts from specialized absorption organs to other parts of the body is ...

New fundamental physics research provides insights on the process of diffusion in complex systems such as living organisms. This new theoretical framework has broad implications for active surfaces, ...

Figure 1: Passive phloem loading in plants and in the synthetic tree-on-a-chip. Using our synthetic passive loader, we study in this paper the full dynamics of passive phloem loading, set by the ...