Urban expansion and intensified demands for resources have induced global environmental change sufficient to affect the Earth-climate system 1. Cities have disproportionate effects relative to their ...
Oxygenation of the Earth’s atmosphere was traditionally widely viewed to have occurred in two major steps: one in the late Archean and early Proterozoic (between 2.4–2.1 billion years ago (Ga)), known ...
Visit NAP.edu/10766 to get more information about this book, to buy it in print, or to download it as a free PDF. The Space Studies Board will organize a study, “Earth Observations from Space: A ...