Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Portable wireless devices are becoming smaller, lighter, and more powerful with each new generation of cell phone technology. In the eyes of users, this trend is a wonderful addition. For designers, ...

Thin films of oxide and organic materials are the building blocks of a wide range of nanomaterials and devices in battery technology, sensors, and optoelectronics. Currently, there is a huge shift ...