Scientists in the United States developed a method to observe the structure and mechanics of a perovskite material during its synthesis and transition from liquid precursors to a solid thin film. The ...

Control of the nanomorphology in polymer solar cells (PSCs) is a key factor for maximizing the module power conversion efficiency (PCE) and enhancing the electrical properties related to exciton ...

Surface modification by means of thin film deposition is an important industrial process used to protect basic materials against wear, fatigue, corrosion, and many other surface related damage ...